畢業(yè)論文：A Research on the Translation of Metaphoric Expression in English

A Research on the Translation of Metaphoric E*pression in English and Chinese From the Perspective of Culture

Abstract: Metaphoric e*pression is so pervasively used in English writing and talking, and trying to translate them into Chinese to convey the best meaning is not a simple task. In this thesis I will first give a brief introduction of metaphors, including its definition, categories and relevant studies on metaphors, and then mainly talk about the relationship between culture and language, the similarities and differences of Chinese and English, and finally discuss some approaches and strategies to translate English metaphors into Chinese: literal translation, conversion and liberal translation.
Key Words: metaphoric e*pression, categories, culture, similarities and
differ
……（新文秘網(wǎng)http://m.120pk.cn省略1282字，正式會(huì)員可完整閱讀）……　
............................ ........................................5
2.2.3 Historical Factor................................... .................................................5
2.3 Similarities and Differences of Metaphor in Chinese and English...............5
2.3.1 Similarities.............................................................................................5
2.3.2 Differences.............................................................................................6
3 Metaphor and Translation................. .................. ...........................................7
3.1 Literal Translation................................... ....................................................7
3.2 Conversion............................. .....................................................................7
3.3 Free Translation...........................................................................................7
4 Conclusion.........................................................................................................8
5 References..........................................................................................................9


1. An Introduction of Metaphor
1.1 The Definition of Metaphor
Metaphor is defined in the Webster’s New World Dictionary as “a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another.” It is a linguistic phenomenon commonly used in writing and talking. It is based on the similarities between issues, comparing one thing to the other one, making some abstract things concrete and profound truths easy. It is one of the most common rhetoric devices employed in poetries, novels and other literature works. The word “metaphor” comes from Greek “metapherein” which means “transfer”. It is a process in which some prosperities of one object are transferred to another object (Hawks, 1990:1). These two objects are theoretically referred to as “tenor” and “vehicle”, which are connected to each other by some shared properties. For e*ample, in the sentence “Book is the medicine”, the tenor “book” can disseminate knowledge so that ignorance can be eliminated, while the vehicle “medicine” can be used to deal with illness. That is the shared property.
1.2 Conceptual Metaphor
Metaphorical e*pressions are not just limited to single words. We can also describe one domain of e*perience in terms of another domain of e*perience, or a mode of thinking. The shared properties can be conceptual. The ideal of “conceptual metaphor” was put forward by George Lakoff and Mark Johnsen for the first time in their Metaphor We Live By. They hold the opinion that “metaphor is pervasive in everyday life ……（未完，全文共20013字，當(dāng)前僅顯示3599字，請(qǐng)閱讀下面提示信息。收藏《畢業(yè)論文：A Research on the Translation of Metaphoric E*pression in English》）