畢業(yè)論文：Sons and Lovers Reconsidered from Jung’s Theory of Anima

Sons and Lovers
Reconsidered from Jung’s Theory of Anima

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the
Degree of Bachelor of Arts

Abstract: According to Carl Gustav Jung, Anima is a feminine feature in a male which will change with the growing up of the male. It is affected mainly by his mother, the living environment and other females around. And if the development of Anima is unhealthy, it will bring harms. This paper reconsiders Sons and Lovers by Lawrence, from the concept of Anima. Paul, the main character in the book, is a victim of the abnormal development of Anima which makes him weak-minded and depressed. His freaky and complicated relationships among the three women in his life are the obvious evidence of Anima’s detrimental effects.
Key Words: Anima; Sons and Lovers; Paul

摘要：根據(jù)榮格的心理學(xué)理論，阿尼瑪是男性體內(nèi)所蘊(yùn)含的女性特征，它是社會(huì)集體潛意識(shí)的一部分。它會(huì)不間斷地遺傳給人類的男性后代，而且會(huì)伴隨男性的成長而變
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fferent educational backgrounds between his parents made the family hardly have a peaceful day. However, the combination brought lots of benefits to Lawrence. He learnt a lot from his father in low-class society, which provided sufficient materials for Lawrence’s future writings. He also won strong support from his mother to take up the writing career. In addition, living in a miner’s family made him truly e*perience the crucial changes and damages brought by industrialism, which helped shape his writing style.
In 1912, Lawrence met his wife who had already been a mother of three children at the University of Nottingham, and soon run away to German together. Since then, they began their long wandering life. Besides, the banning of his books made Lawrence live a poor life and even have to ask his friends for financial support. Gradually, he became weaker and weaker, and finally died in 1930 in France because of tuberculosis (TB).
The hardship of life and the special e*perience of romantics helped develop Lawrence’s insightful thoughts of society and unique understandings of se*, which are central themes in most of his works. Unfortunately, his ideas were not accepted by society. Therefore, most of his 29 novels published were strongly criticized in his times and some were banned for a long time. However, at present they are e*tremely valued and regarded as not only the mirror of English society in the 20th century but also the vivid materials for psychological studies.
1.2 A Brief Summary of Sons and Lovers
The story in Sons and Lovers happens in the similar social surroundings of Lawrence’s times. So it is always regarded as the autobiography of Lawrence. Paul Morel, the main character in the book, was born in a low-class family whose father was a menial miner and whose mother was an educated woman. They got married soon after several meetings on the ball, which was the beginning of a family tragedy. The unbalanced social values between the Morel couple and the great life pressure brought about various conflicts within the poor family. Little Paul was brought up in such an interminable background. His mother, Mrs. Morel, was a strong and mighty woman who had an absolute control of the housekeeping. She was totally disappointed at her husband who was a drunkard. So, she counted on Paul, especially when she lost her first and third sons in succession. She regarded Paul as the only reliable and close person in the world as well as the only hope to keep alive. So, she sent him to receive education to get rid of the fate of being a miner.
The environment made Paul a rather poor-spirited man. He did not know what type of love he e*actly wanted with a female. He could not totally abandon the Platonic love with Miriam whereas he surrendered to the lust with Clara, a married woman. He did not have courage to go against his mother’s unreasonable requirement, so that he was unable to deal with the disharmony between his mother and his girlfriend. He did not have courage to leave his boring job and to follow his real interest. At the end ……（未完，全文共22180字，當(dāng)前僅顯示3989字，請(qǐng)閱讀下面提示信息。收藏《畢業(yè)論文：Sons and Lovers Reconsidered from Jung’s Theory of Anima》）